Rinse and soak the dried black-eyed peas overnight.
In a large pot, cook the bacon or ham hock until crispy.
Add the diced onion and cook until translucent.
Stir in the garlic and cook for another minute.
Add the soaked black-eyed peas, water, salt, black pepper, cayenne pepper, and bay leaf into the pot.
Bring to a boil, reduce the heat, and simmer for 1 to 1.5 hours.
Remove the bay leaf and taste for seasoning.
Serve hot, garnished with fresh herbs if desired.